The rule the rule non bis in idem protects an individual in double jeopardy for a single crime. In this paper, an attempt is made to investigate this substantial question that what is the approach of Iranian jurisprudence, criminal law, and international documents to the rule non bis in idem and its scope in Iranian jurisprudence and criminal law and international documents? The current paper is descriptive and analytical, and investigates the aforementioned question using the library method. The findings indicate that the legislative, in an admirable act in the Islamic Penal Law approved in 2013, explicitly accepted this rule in the list of discretionary crimes, which is considered to be the major part of the list of crimes in the Iranian criminal law. Given the division of discretionary punishments into designated and non-designated punishments, the most important point is the application of this rule in the punishments of Hudud, Qisas, Diyya, and Sharia-designated discretionary punishments. In other words, this rule is observed only in discretionary crimes, and it is not applied in the cases of Hudud, Qisas, and Diyya, which are not cancellable. Meanwhile, the application of this rule is accepted only if the accused has been tried in the state where the crime occurred, otherwise the above rule is not applied. From the point of view of jurisprudence, by considering the rules such as "prohibition of detriment" and "prohibition of hardship", the rule of non bis in idem can be justified from the Sharia point of view. This is reflected in international documents such as Article 20 of the Statute of the International Criminal Court.