The child is one of the most vulnerable members of the family, who needs support especially in the case of parents' divorce. Child alimony is one of the important issues in Imami jurisprudence. In this article, this important question has been examined: what is the opinion of Imami jurisprudence regarding Child alimony and what is its criminal sanction from the point of view of jurisprudence and legal issues? This article is descriptive and analytical, and the mentioned question has been investigated using the library method. The findings showed that from the perspective of Imami jurisprudence, child alimony like relatives alimony is father's responsibility to pay it, and if the father is deceased or unable to pay the children's financial support, the grandfather will be responsible for paying the Child alimony. If he is unable to pay, the mother will be responsible for providing the expenses, and if the mother is not alive or is poor, it will be the responsibility of his/her grandfathers. The criminal sanction for not paying the child alimony is imprisonment.