The relationship between public law and criminalization is one of the important issues that has not been given much attention and investigation. The most important issue in this regard is public interests on the one hand and individual freedoms on the other hand, as a result of which the element of expediency and public order prevails, these freedoms may be limited. This has made it necessary to examine the impact of public law on criminalization with an emphasis on public welfare and order. The current article is descriptive and analytical and has investigated the mentioned subject by using the library method. The results indicate that from a jurisprudential point of view, the components of public law such as expediency and public order, public security, human dignity and non-harm to the society are important bases of criminalization. From the point of view of the subject law, non-harm and necessity and social benefit, along with public order and security, are the most important bases of criminalization. What is important is that there should be a balance between public rights and individual freedoms and the scope of public order and expediency should not be defined so widely that individual rights and freedoms are limited and ignored. Although the legislator does not have the ability to deal with decision-making institutions regarding the rights, it is correct to reduce this influence as much as possible in the field of criminal law and to use criminalization only in the case of threats to individual or community rights. This should also be done with clear and explicit rules.