Human trafficking is one of the dilemmas facing Iran and Türkiye. This has made it a necessity to examine the legislative criminal policy of the two countries in the face of human trafficking. Based on this, the aim of this article is to investigate the criminal policy of Iran and Türkiye regarding this phenomenon. This article is descriptive and analytical and has investigated the mentioned question by using the library method. The findings show that there are gaps in the laws of Iran in the field of human trafficking: regarding the specific criminalization of children, no special law has been enacted and no action has been taken to protect the victims, while the crime and punishment do not have the necessary proportion. In addition, by giving priority to the Islamic Penal Code over the anti-trafficking law, it practically accepts the crime of trafficking when the non-occurrence of other crimes is completely verified. Such an approach does not seem like a convincing logical reason for a country like Iran, which is exposed to widespread human trafficking. In Türkiye, in addition to the legislative criminal policy, the legislator has also adopted a cooperative criminal policy. In fact, Türkiye has also benefited from non-criminal measures.