This study examines the role and functions of criminal justice mechanisms in addressing digital ecoterrorism and its impacts on the climate system. Given that environmentally destructive actions in electronic contexts can directly or indirectly disrupt climate processes, strengthening legal and criminal tools to prevent and counteract such criminal behaviors is an indispensable necessity. Within this framework, the development and harmonization of international regulations, the use of advanced technologies for monitoring and evidence collection, and the enhancement of transnational cooperation are among the key requirements for identifying and prosecuting offenders. Findings from the review of legal documents and authoritative sources indicate that controlling digital ecoterrorism cannot rely solely on environmental policies; it requires the establishment of a coherent criminalization framework, efficient oversight institutions, and enforceable international mechanisms. The analyses further suggest that synergy among criminal justice, ecodiplomacy, and emerging technologies can play a significant role in mitigating digital threats to the environment. Consequently, the study emphasizes that the establishment of a robust and deterrent criminal justice structure is a fundamental condition for safeguarding ecosystem sustainability and enhancing the effectiveness of other global strategies to combat climate change.